Reading and Interpreting Ibn Khaldun
Building a resource of primary and secondary works by and about Ibn Khaldun.
Collections of works by and about Ibn Khaldun (blog form)
This study reimagines the foundational role of work in economic life through a comparative analysis of Ibn Khaldun and key Western economic thinkers, including Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Max Weber, and John Maynard Keynes. Drawing on the Systems Thinking Framework, the research positions work not merely as an economic activity but as a structuring principle that shapes civilizations, value systems, and social organization. Unlike modern paradigms that prioritize capital accumulation, this study explores how Ibn Khaldun’s pre-Enlightenment perspective centers work as the original and enduring source of value, production, and moral order. By contrasting this with Western theories that progressively decouple wealth from labor, the paper proposes a re-evaluation of economic systems toward a more equitable, sustainable, and human-centered model. The study also underscores the determinant role of the State in shaping dominant worldviews,
Abstract:
al-Muqaddima, often published in Arabic as Muqaddimat Ibn Khaldun or simply as al-Muqaddima, is a remarkable work of scholarship by the Muslim jurist, historian, philosopher, and thinker Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun, widely known as Ibn Khaldūn (d. 1406 CE). In al-Muqaddima, Ibn Khaldun built an astounding body of knowledge covering broad areas of inquiry including history, philosophy, sociology, ethnography, economics, and other practical and abstract sciences.
This edition includes the Arabic text of al-Muqaddima, Book One, Chapter Five, Making a Living; and an introduction by the translator, Dr. Ahmed E. Souaiaia, highlighting some of Ibn Khaldun’s most significant theoretical contributions to economics.
Buy it online: al-Muqaddima: al-Ma`ash--English Texts